ACCURACY, PRECISION AND ERRORS IN MEASUREMENT

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The result of every measurement by any measuring instrument contains some . It is called error.

The of a measurement is a measure of how close the measured value is to the true value of the quantity. tells us to what resolution or limit the quantity is measured

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The errors are those errors that tend to be in one direction, either positive or negative.

errors that arise from the errors due to imperfect design or calibration of the measuring instrument, zero error in the instrument

errors that arise due to an individual’s bias, lack of proper setting of the apparatus or individual’s carelessness

The errors are those errors, which occur irregularly. These can arise due to unpredictable fluctuations in experimental conditions.

The error is the error associated with the resolution of the instrument.

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When two quantities are added or subtracted, the error in the final result is the sum of the absolute errors in the individual quantities

When two quantities are multiplied or divided, the error in the result is the sum of the relative errors in the multipliers

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